1 20 13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gemma, widow of Manuele di Bonaiuto da Camerino: Florence, 1499 Subject The topic of the resource Gemma, the daughter of Salomone di Aliuccio Fano and his wife Brunetta, widow of Manuele di Bonaiuto da Camerino Description An account of the resource Gemma's mother Brunetta's will (Poggibonsi, 1473) is also part of this collection. A good deal about this family and this will's larger context is known. See Borgolotto and Garruto, "Testamenti femminili toscani," 69-72. Gemma's husband came from a well-known Roman Jewish family, and was a very important moneylender active in Florence. The couple seems to have had no children. Gemma had been named as her husband's heir, unless she chose to remarry, which she did not do. She had also been left a good deal of money that had been invested in various loan banks, leaving her responsible to administer a very large set of assets. Gemma's will was made in her home in Florence. She named as her universal heirs those who her husband had named to succeed her should she have gotten remarried: Salomone and Angelo di Abramo di San Miniato, brothers from a well-known Tuscan Jewish family. She says that she should be married in the cemetery in the neighborhood of San Miniato (where her husband Manuele had been buried). Gemma left a series of bequests to members of her family of origin. She left 150 florins to her nephews Consiglio and Bonaventura, the sons of her brother Elia. She also left them goods stored in two chests which were located in the third room of her house. They were also ordered within two years of Gemma's death to use 20 florins to pay for a teacher to teach Jewish boys. As a fulfillment of a mandate from her husband's will, Gemma also left 100 florins for Manuele, the son of her late brother Daniele. She also left Manuele another 10 florins, which should come from the sale of the household goods of her house in Florence. She also left a house and garden in the neighborhood of San Giovanni Val d'Arno to her universal heirs and their father Abramo, in payment for a debt of 40 florins she owed them. If her heirs decided to sell the garden, she conditioned, they had to use the profits to maintain the synagogue that her husband had founded in the neighborhood of San Giovanni Val d'Arno. If they didn't want to sell the garden, they were ordered to give 40 florins to the oratory of San Giovanni Valdarno. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Florence, Italy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 5 July 1499 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivio di Stato, Florence ASFi, Notarile Antecosimiano, n. 16841, fols. 316r-319r. See Borgolotto and Garruto, "Testamenti femminili toscani," 69-72. Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Italy burial conditions material culture real estate teacher Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dolce, wife of Jacob di Consiglio da Toscanella: Siena, 1462 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 26 February 1462 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivio di Stato, Siena ASSi, Notarile Anticosimiano, n. 453, fols. 80v-82r. See Borgolotto and Garruto, "Testamenti femminili toscani," 66-67. Subject The topic of the resource Dolce, wife of Jacob di Consiglio da Toscanella, former wife of Jacob di Salomone Description An account of the resource Dolce made her will in her home in Siena, which also functioned as the bank run by her current (second) husband, Jacob di Consiglio da Toscanella. Her husband was present at the testation, and gave his permission for her to make the will. Dolce asked to be buried in Siena. Then she left 100 florins to pious causes. She named her only son, Manuele (with her first husband) as her universal heir. She also left him 500 florins, the amount of money she had invested in a Florentine pawnshop. She entrusts the annuities of this invested capital to her executors. The profits accrued from the 500 florins should be used to pay for Manuel's upkeep until he turned twenty-five years old. Should Manuel die before reaching maturity, the legacy would be divided evenly among all of her daughters. Otherwise, the daughters each received 50 florins from their mother, beyond their dowries. Dolce explicitly orders that the daughters be allowed to manage their bequests without any intervention from their husbands. She also leaves to four of her daughters -- Anna, Rosa, Susanna, and Gentile -- what is left in her "cassa," including money, jewels, and clothing. She does not include her daughter Perla in this bequest. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Siena, Italy Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Italy burial charity conditions husband's consent Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Channuna, widow of Magalufus de Galiono: Sciacca, 1482 Subject The topic of the resource Channuna, widow of Magalufus de Galiono Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sciacca, Sicily Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9 July 1482 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived See Scandaliato, <em>L'ultimo canto di Ester</em>, p. 205. Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Italy Description An account of the resource The widow Channuna, like most Jewish women represented in this collection, testated while sick. As the common boilerplate from Sicily has it, she testated while lying in bed. Channuna leaves her grandson Magalufus the house in which he is living, but only under the condition that he doesn't sell it, pawn it, or give it away. She gives a number of relatives bequests of two gold tari, including some aimed explicitly to be used for the recipient's dowry. Channuna leaves six tari to the synagogue in Sacca. The witnesses to this will are Jewish. TRANSCRIPTION from Scandaliato, pp. 205-207 Archivio di Stato di Palermo, Notai defunti, notaio F. Giuffrida, vol. 1382, 9 Luglio 1482. Testamentum condam Channune de Galiano. VIIII iulii. Testamur quod presens coram nobis Channuna iudea olim uxor condam Magalufi de Galiano de Sacca, iacens in lecto egrota corpore, sana tamen mente et racionabilis intellectus existens in sua bona et per­fecta memoria articulariter loquens, timens divinum iudicium repen­tinum et horam mDrtis incertam, cum nil certius morte et nil incertius hora mortis, volens propterea, dum tempus habet, de bonis suis temporalibus disponere et providere, ne inter successores suos lis aliqua oriri possit, presens suum ultimum nuncupativum condidit testamentum per manus mei infrascripti notarii in hunc modum: im­primis dicta testatrix instituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit suos here­des universales in omnibus bonis suis mobilius et stabilibus, iuribus et accionibus universis ubicumque existentibus et melius apparentibus, Magalufum eius nepotem, £ilium condam Merdochai eius filii et Sau­re, olim iugalium, et Milicham, uxorem Gabrielis Summato et Sucha, uxorem Ioseph Maymuni, eius filias, natas ex ea et dicto condam Ma­galufo eius marito, videlicet ipsum Magalufum pro medietate et ipsas Milicam et Sucham pro alia medietate; item instituit sibi et sollenni­ter ordinavit suum heredem particularem dictum Magalufum, eius ne­potem, in domibus in quibus dicta testatrix habitat et moratur ad pre­sens, cum hac lege et condiccione, quod dictus Magalufus non possit neque valeat quavis ex causa dictas domos vendere, pignorare, obligare nee alienare et quocumque alienaccionis titulo trasferre et distrahere in alios nee etiam domus ipse possint nee valeant ab eo et eius posse et dominio ... auferri et distrahi ex causa alicuius debiti forte hactenus contracti vel in posterum quacumque ex causa contraendi nee racione et occasione alicuius delicti vel mali per eum facti seu faciendi, com­mictendi et perpetrandi, et hoc nee questio ad proprietatem nee questio ad fructus domorum predictarum, sed domus predicte semper et inperpetuum stent et reservari debeant pro alimentis et substen­tacione dicti Magalufi et suorum filiorum et heredem; et si forte dic­tus Magalufus mori contingerit quandocumque sine filiis de suo cor­pore legitime descendentibus, tune in eo casu substituit sibi heredes in medietate predicta bonorum dicti Magalufi et in domibus predictis in quibus est institutus heres universalis, dictas Milicam et Sucam, si invenirentur vive, et si non invenirentur vive substituit modo supra­dicto in bonis et domibus predictis filios et heredes dictarum Milice et Suche. Item instituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit suam heredem particularem Sictutam eius filiam, uxorem condam Brachonis de Tripu­li, natam ex ea et dicto condam Magalufo in tarenis duobus, excludens eam ab omni alio iure hereditatis sue. Item instituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit suas heredes particulares Pernam, uxorem Rachamini Tra­nu, et Bonavinturam, uxorem Chaboni de Girgenti, eius neptas, filias condam Stelle eius filie, olim uxoris Iacop de Xaul in tarenis duobus pro qualibet, excludens eas ab omni alio iure hereditatis sue. Item in­stituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit suam heredem particularem Chan­nam eius neptem, filiam dicti Merdochai, uxorem Busacce Pulvirecta, in dotibus sibi promissis et assigruitis et in super in tarenis duobus, ex­cludens eam ab omni alio iure hereditatis sue. Item instituit sibi et sol­lenniter ordinavit suam heredem particularem Mulchayram eius nep­tem, filiam dicti Merdochai, uxorem Iacop de Galiuni, in dotibus si­bi promissis et assignatis et insuper in tarenis duobus, excludens eam ab omni alio iure hereditatis sue. Item instituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit suam heredem particularem Stellam eius neptem, filiam dic­ti Merdochai, uxorem Graciani de Affano, in dotibus sibi promissis et insuper in tarenis duobus, excludens earn ab omni alio iure heredita­tis sue, et hoc pro omni iure ipsi Stelle conpetenti et conpetituro in bo­nis dicte testatricis, tam iure nature et consuetudinis Terre Sacce quarn paterne successionis et dicti condam Magalufi avii sui quam quo­cumque alio iure. Item instituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit suam he­redem particularem · Gaudeosam eius neptem, filiam dicti Merdo­chai, in tanta quantitate docium in rauba et pecunia, prout habuit promissionem docium dicta Stilla, uxor dicti Graciani, pro suo mari­tagio et insuper in tarenis duobus excludens eam ab omni alio iure he­reditatis sue, et hoc pro omni iure dicte Gaudiose conpitenti et con­petituro in bonis dicte testatricis, tarn iure nature et consuetudinis Ter­re Sacce quam paterne successionis et dicti condam Magalufi avii sui quam quocumque alio iure. Et voluit dicta testatrix quod dicta Gau­deosa stet et stare debeat in posse dicti Gabrielis, quam Gaudeosam dictus Gabriel debeat sibi promictere dotes super bonis tam dicti Ma­galufi, unus ex heredibus universalibus, pro una medietate quam su­per bonis uxoris dicti Gabrielis et uxoris dicti Ioseph pro alia medietate in quibus ipsa est instituta heres particularis. Item legavit Iacop Xil­luri, eius fratri, mantum unum cum caputeo panni de visito. Item le­gavit mischite iudeorum Terre Sacce pro anima sua et defunctorum suorum tarenos sex census, quod dicti Gabriel et Ioseph Maymuni de­bunt emere de precio ipsius redempcionis alios terenos sex census su­per dicta mischita. Et si officiales iudayce venderent dictum ius cen­sus tarenorum sex, quod ipsa mischita cadat a dicto legato. Item legavit hospitali iudeorum Terre Sacce mataracium unum, cultram unamalbam et carpitarn :inarn minatam. Item legavit Merdocho Ischechina, filio Muxe Ischechina, capputeum unum panni de visito. Item dixit et declaravit dictum Gabrielem gessisse et administrasse bona sua sibi ipsius testatricis ipsumque Gabrielem sibi de administracione dictorum bonorum dedisse bonam et fidelem racionem, in tantum quod dictus Gabriel remansit debitor ipsius Channune in unciis vigintiquatuor, pre­sente ad hec dicto Gabriele _ et confitente se teneri et dare debere dic­te Channune dictas uncias vigintiquatuor, que testatrix voluit et mandavit quod dictus Gabriel ipsas uncias vigintiquatuor expendere debeat in empcionem docium dicte Gaudeose sue neptis, quem Ga­brielem eisque heredes, successores et bona ipsa testatrix de admini­stracione predicta quietavit, absolvit penitus ac liberavit per aquilia­nam stipulacionem. Item legavit dicto Gabrieli omnes illos census quos reciperr debet a Muxa Busati temporibus preteritis usque per totum annum quarte decine indicionis proxime preterite, et hoc pro certis pe­cuniis debitis ipsi Gabrieli per dictam testatricem. Item instituit sibi et sollenniter ordinavit in suum heredem particularem dictum Ma­galufum, eius nepotem, quamdam apothecam existentem in cursu iu­daice Terre Sacce, cum onere sui census, quam dixit fuisse dicti Merdocai, patris dicti Magalufi et filii dicte testatricis. Et hec fuit et est eius ultima voluntas et suum ultimum nuncupativum testamentum, quam et quod valere voluit iure testamenti etcetera, cassatis et an­nullatis omnibus aliis testamentis et codicillis per earn hactenus factis, presenti tantum testamento in suo robore perdurante. Testes: Siminto Ginni, Raphael de Castro Joanne, Busac Commissu, Busac Sagictuni, Nissim Sumatu, Levi de Galfa, Xamuel de Levi. conditions dowry house synagogue tari transcription Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geniza Dispositive Documents Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Unknown: Fustat, 1006 Subject The topic of the resource Unknown Description An account of the resource DETAILED DESCRIPTION FROM THE PRINCETON GENIZA PROJECT:<br /><br /><span>Deathbed declaration, AD 1006. ORC 7/10/86 [P]. The document is a deathbed declaration, made by a woman whose name is not preserved. The upper part of the document is missing, but the reconstruction, as proposed by Assaf, would be approximately as follows: "This is what happened before us, the undersigned witnesses, on the date of ... We entered the house of ... and found her sick in her bed, etc." The woman bequeaths one third of a compound owned by her in Qasr al-Sham' to the two synagogues, of the Palestinians and the Babylonians, in equal parts. One sixth of the compound is handed over to a certain Fa'iza, on the condition that she marries; if she dies unmarried, this sixth also would pass to the two synagogues, and not to any of Fa'iza's heirs. Another third of the compound is willed, in equal parts, to the testator's brother Sahlan and to Rayyisa, the daughter of her other brother, Ephraim. One twelfth of the compound has previously been sold to another niece of the testator's, Sutayt, the daughter of her sister Sayyida, for 14 Mu'izzi dinars. This sum was spent for timber, to be used for repairs in the compound. Another twelfth is to be sold, and the revenue (14 dinars) used to cover the expenditures for the transportation of the woman's body to Jerusalem and her burial there. (Information from Gil, Documents, pp. 119 #1))</span><br /><br />(<a href="https://geniza.princeton.edu/en/documents/1704/">https://geniza.princeton.edu/en/documents/1704/</a>)<br /><br />See above link for IMAGE and TRANSCRIPTION. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fustat, Egypt Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1006 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Taylor-Schechter Genizah Collection, University of Cambridge T-S 16.115 Princeton Geniza Project:<br /><a href="https://geniza.princeton.edu/en/documents/1704/">https://geniza.princeton.edu/en/documents/1704/</a> Moshe Gil, <em>Documents of the Jewish Pious Foundations from the Cairo Geniza</em> (Leiden: Brill, 1976), doc. 1, pp. 119-127. Language A language of the resource Hebrew Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Egypt Cairo Geniza Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Princeton Geniza Project burial conditions image Jerusalem real estate synagogue timber transcription Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vernacular Jewish notarial wills Description An account of the resource These wills were written by Jewish notaries in vernacular European languages. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saporita di Sabato (Sabadai) di Veroli: Rome, 1602 Subject The topic of the resource Saporita di Sabato (Sabadai) di Veroli Description An account of the resource Saporita writes her will in the presence of her husband and their four sons. The Jewish rabbi/notary Pompeo del Borgo records the will in Italian. One of the four sons, named Manuele, is disabled. Saporita leaves her dowry equally among her other three sons (Benedetto, Mino, and Pace) on the condition that they care for their brother Manuele. Should they not care for him, the entire dowry goes to Manuele. SELECTED TRANSCRIPTION: Benedetto, Mino e Pace miei figlioli debbino haver per riccomandato manuel mio figliolo et lor carnal fratello, essendo stropiato che non si pol aguitare della vita sua et sovvenirlo et darli il governo e tutto quello li farra bisogno per suo sostenimento. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rome, Italy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 27 September 1602 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivio Storico Capitolino, Rome ASC, F.2, l.6, ff.148r.,v. 1602-09-27 Language A language of the resource Italian Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Italy Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kenneth Stow conditions disability dowry Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sara, widow of Davi of Cabestany: Perpignan, 1286 Subject The topic of the resource Sara, widow of Davi of Cabestany Description An account of the resource Sara married Davi of Cabestany, a major moneylender of Perpignan, and together seem to have had three sons: Mosee, Bonsenyor, and Profet. Davi predeceased her. In her will, she leaves nothing to her sons, since ostensibly they had already been taken care of in their father's will. Instead, in addition to some bequests to relatives and friends, she leaves nearly her entire estate to charity: specifically, to the education of poor Jewish children and to the dowries of poor Jewish girls. Nevertheless, the education of Jewish children in the region is expressly meant to also support the studies of her potential descendants. She funds this through the revenue from real estate she owns, houses that had been given to her by her father. She leaves 500 sous to her minor nephews (the three sons of her brother) with the condition that the money be loaned at interest during the brother's lifetime, and that the interest go to her brother (with the principal ostensibly going to the nephews upon their father's death). Sara names God her universal heir, which practically means that the remainder of her estate should be given to poor Jewish girls' dowries. Seven Christians are witnesses to the will. TRANSCRIPTION: <br /><br />Quia nullus etc. [in carne positus evadere potest] ego Sara uxor condam Davini de Capitestagno habitatoris Perpiniani, in meo bono sensu etc. hoc meum facio testamentum in quo etc. in primis facio manumissores meos scilicet Profaytum Davini de Capitestagno et Durandum de Malgorio habitatorem de Bitterris; quibus dono etc. In primis dimito amore Dei pro anima mea. quasdam domos meas contiguas que sunt in civitate Narbone in fusteyria que fuerunt Mayrii de Malgorio patris mei condam; ita quod ipsi mei manumissores et post eorum mor tem secratarii alyame judeorum de Biterris et quidam alius judeus de genero meo, teneant semper et percipiant redditus et proentiones [<em>sic</em>: praeemptiones] dictarum domorum; et de eis semper quolibet anno in perpetuum doceri faciant infantes judeos pauperes de schientia ebraica quoscumque voluerint, tam de Biterris quam de villa Perpiniani, quam aliunde, et specialiter de genero meo et dicti mariti mei si aliqui extituerint prout eis visum fuerit fore faciendum iuxta eorum arbitrium. <br /><br />Item dimitto amore Dei pro anima mea LX sol. Melg. qui mihi debentur de proentibus dictarum domorum et amplius CCCXL sol. Melg. de quibus per dictos meos ma numissores emantur libri judaici; quos libros ipsi et post eorum mortem predicti secratarii de Biterris et predictus quidam alius judeus de genero meo teneant semper et in eisdem libris doceri faciant predictos infantes judeos pauperes quos mando facere doceri de scientia ebraica de predic tis proentibus et redditibus dictarum domorum ut superius continetur. Item dimitto amore Dei pro anima mea duos libros meos judaicos in quibus continentur V libri legis Moysi. Ita quod fiat de eis et fieri mando et volo illud idem quod mando fieri de predictis libris quos mando emi per dictos meos manumissores ut superius continentur. Item dimitto Juceffo et Cresques et Salamoni nepotibus meis filiis Davini de Malgorio fratris mei equis portionibus D sol. Melg. bonos sub hoc pacto quod pre dicti mei manumissores teneant et mutuent eos ad usuras in tota vita dicti fratris mei et totum lucrum quod fient cum eis quolibet anno in vita dicti fratris mei dent et tradant dicto fratri meo pro suis voluntatibus faciendis; et post mortem dicti fratris mei dent et restituant predictos D sol. Melg. in denariis vel in debitis inde factis si Deus eos servaverit pre dictis nepotibus meis. Et quod inde credantur dicti mei manumissores plano suo verbo absolue testibus et juramento. Item dimitto Sime sorori mee uxori Salamonis de Saverdia CC sol. Melg. bonos. Item dimitto Blanche filie Abrae de Magalas ad opus sui maritamenti XX sol. Melg. In omnibus vero aliis bonis meis quecumque sint et unacumque instituo mihi heredem universalem dominum Deum meum amore cuius solvetis et exceptis prius de bonis meis legatis meis predictis residua bona mea dentur et distribuantur amore Dei ad pauperes judeas maritandas per dictum Profaytum Davi de Capitestagno et Mosse Davini de Capites tagno fratrem eius. Et dono eisdem manumissoribus meis liberam potes tatem petendi. Exigendi et recipiendi ad eorum notician omnia bona mea. Et de eis solvendi legatam mean predictam et complendi ordinacio nem mean superius contentam. Que omnia predicta legata volo quam solvantur de bonis meis per dictos meos manumissores infra medium annum post finem meum. hec est mea extrema voluntas etc. Testes rogati P. de Opido et G. Coste macellarii ambo et P. de Braya bracerius et Sanxo de Villalonga et Domingo de Valentia et Bn. de Corniliano ganterius et P. Querubi. <br /><br />[Transcribed in Emery, <em>Jews of Perpignan</em>, 187-188 (no. 137); first section revised in Winer, <em>Women, Wealth, and Community</em>, 189 n.8] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perpignan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24 September 1286 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archives départementales des Pyrénées-Orientales Archives départementales des Pyrénées-Orientales, Fonds de notaires, series E, reg. 17, f. 43v-44. See: Emery, <em>Jews of Perpignan</em>, esp. 187-188.<br />See: Burns, <em>Jews in the Notarial Culture</em>, 87-90.<br />See: Winer, <em>Women, Wealth, and Community</em>, ch, 4, esp. 78, 189 (n.8). <br />See: Klein, "Splitting Heirs..." Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Spain France Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer Rebecca Lynn Winer charity conditions dowry transcription widow Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Romance Vernacular Wills Description An account of the resource Wills written in vernacular Romance languages, including Spanish, Portuguese, Venetian, French, and others. These wills were written by Christian notaries. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fermosa, the widow of Juce Axevili: Zaragoza, 1418 Subject The topic of the resource Fermosa, née Macho, widow of Juce Azevili Description An account of the resource Living life in Zaragoza, Fermosa and her husband had two children, a daughter named Astruga who predeceased her, and a son named Acach who converted to Christianity and became known as Juan de Embun. Astruga left a daughter, Merian. Merian would be named Fermosa's executor (here: <em>espondalera; spondalera</em>) and universal heir in her will. <br /><br />Fermosa begins her will by revoking all previous testaments or codicils she had made. She asks to be buried in the Jewish cemetery. She gives Merian, her granddaughter, the power to decide how much to give as charity, i.e. gifts for Fermosa's soul. <br /><br />Fermosa also leaves an amount "por legitima" (a phrase that tends to mean "enough to fill my statutory requirements") to her now-Christian son, and also leaves the same amount to her brothers, one who had become Christian, and one who remained Jewish. The rest she leaves to Merian. <br /><br />The wills expresses Fermosa's fear that her son would try to grab Merian's inheritance. In such a case, Fermosa orders that her son Juan must pay Merian 400 sueldos, noting that Merian had spent the last three years of her life caring for Fermosa during Fermosa's illness. <br /><br />Fermosa made her will on the same day in the same town as another testator, Tolosana de la Caballeria, though they used different notaries.<br /><br />On the same day that Fermosa made her will, she also used the same notary to contract a sale which appears immediately after the will in the notary's records: she sells 500 sueldos worth of moveable goods to Merian, in return for Merian's care for her during the last four years. (The will mentions three years; the sale contract mentions four years.) TRANSCRIPTION <br /><br />Testament. <br /><br />Die lune prima augusti.<br /><br />Eadem die, que yo; dona Fermosa, muller de don Juce Axevili, jodio quondam, revoco todos et qualesquiere testaments et codiciellos. <br /><br />Primo quiero que mi cuerpo sia enterrado en el fossar de los jodios.<br /><br />Item quiero que sia dado por mi anima aquello que sera visto a mi espondalera dius scripta.<br /><br />Item lexo por part et por legitima de todos mis bienes a Johan d'Enbun, fillo mio que quando era jodio le dezian Ascah Axevili, yes assaber, cinquo solidos et . una rova de terra en el mont, en las quales etc. Et a Johan d'Eredia, que le solian dezir Juce Macho, et a Abraham Macho, hermanos mios, cada, cinquo solidos et sendas rovas de terra en el mont. <br /><br />Item todos los otros bienes mios mobles, doquiere que trobados seran, lexolos a Merian, nieta mia, filla de Astruga, filla mia, por fer de aquellos a sus propias voluntades. Enpero si el dito fillo mio geta los ditos bienes mios que yo a ella lexo, en aquell caso quiero que el dito fillo mio sia tenido dar a la dita Merian, nieta mia, quatrozientos solidos, que ha espendido de tres annyos ya passados et espiende de present en mi enfermedat, etc. <br /><br />Item lexo spondalera a la dita nieta mia. Testimonios: Anthon Oliver et Davit Alquoqui, jodio.<br /><br />[Transcribed in Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Mujeres judías,” 119]<br /> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1 August 1418 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivo Histórico de Protocolos de Zaragoza AHPZ, not. Juan Doto, 1418, fols. 103v-104r. See: Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Mujeres judías..." See: Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Testamentos de mujeres..." Language A language of the resource Spanish Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Spain Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer charity conditions convert children transcription widow Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Romance Vernacular Wills Description An account of the resource Wills written in vernacular Romance languages, including Spanish, Portuguese, Venetian, French, and others. These wills were written by Christian notaries. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tolosana, widow of Benvenist de la Caballeria: Zaragoza, 1418 Subject The topic of the resource Tolosana, widow of Benvenist de la Caballeria Description An account of the resource Tolosana was a member of the de la Caballeria family, a wealthy and prestigious Zaragozan family, and married a relative named Benvenist, who was a financier to two Aragonese kings. Together they had seven children (two boys, five girls). Five of these children (two boys, three girls) converted to Christianity. <br /><br />Tolosana became a widow in 1411, and continued the family business. She make her will seven years later, in 1418. The will is quite long and detailed, reflecting her wealth and very specific wishes.<br /><br />In her will, Tolosana made the unusual (and un-halakhic) claim that she was physically healthy upon testating. She explicitly notes that her goal in testating is to avoid the tension between her Jewish and Christian children as regards their inheritance. She leaves her Christian and Jewish sons and daughters equal gendered inheritances despite their religious affiliation, and speaks of the "zelo de amor maternal" she feels for her Christian sons. These two sons receive the significant bulk of the estate. <br /><br />Tolosana's dedication to her Judaism and Jewish community is reflected in the will. She leaves money to Jewish confraternities, for example. She also left money to "rabbis called hazzanim." She paid for poor Jews to function as public mourners for her (giving them both cash and black cloth to wear as mourning clothing). <br /><br />She also makes sure that her household servants get paid upon her death.<br /><br />A fascinating addition to the will is a note, before the witness list, attesting that her sons approve and support the will and will not counter any of the conditions she makes in support of the Jewish community. TRANSCRIPTION <br /><br /><p>In Dei nomine et eius gratie amen. Porque la vida de aqueste mundo yes incierta et enganyosa et persona alguna [ roto] de la muert corporal scapar non puede, para que [roto], sepan todos que yo, Tholosana de la Cavalleria, jodia, muller qui fue de don Bienvenist, quondam, de la ciudat de Çaragoça habitadriz, seyendo sana, en mi buen seso et firme memoria, sabiendo que he de morir, no sabiendo la hora, queriendo seyer provehida, et por tal que cada et quando Dios ordenara de mi, entre mis fillos et fillas christianos et jodios et parientes cercanos sobre los bienes mios contencion o discordia alguna no haya, ya sia segunt Ley de jodios jodio alguno no pueda fazer testament en sanidat et por statud o ordinacion del aljama de jodios de Çaragoça sia statuydo et permetido a jodio poder fazer testament toda hora que visto le sera, por los esguardes sobreditos et otras razones in pro daquesto fazer et ordenar aduzientes, fago et ordeno el present mi ultimo testament et çaguera voluntat de todos mis bienes, assi mobles como sedientes, revocando, cassando del todo en todo et por todo.</p> <p>Primerament prengo por mi anima et por el anima del dito mi marido, senyor don Bienvenist de la Cavalleria, quondam, en remision de mis pecados et suyos, cient et cinquanta solidos jaqueses de trehudos perpetuos con fadiga, loysmo et comisso, los quales quiero que sian presos de los millores trehudos que yo haure el dia de mi fin. Et si aquellos el dito dia de mi fin no se me trobavan, quiero que sian requeridos de lo millor de todos mis bienes sobre buenas heredades en que sian en pago, los quales ditos trehudos perpetuos con todos et qualesquiere dreytos sedientes que yo he et pueda haver en las casas et possesiones do seran aquellos impuestos devido agora pora la hora et he converso, do et quiero que sian dados por mi anima et el anima del dito mi marido et senyor, et sian regidos, administrados et distribuydos por la forma siguient:</p> <p>Primo quiero que sia siempre por todos tiempos regi[dor, ad]ministrador, patron et receptor de los ditos trehudos el parient mas cerquano que yo he et por tiempo trobado sera, masclo, bezino de Ia ciudat de Çaragoça, et que se dame del linage de la Cavalleria, el qual reciba los ditos trehudos et faga apocha et apochas de aquellos, toda vegada que se pagaran. Empero, en caso que se haviesen, afirmar et dar a trehudo las heredades do aquellos son o seran impuestos como de uno o alguna de aquellas asi por razon de haver caydo en comisso como por qualquiere otra causa o razon, quiero que en los ditos firmamientos o atrehudamientos haya intervenir con el sobredito patron et receptor el clavario jodio siquiere fiel que la hora sera de la confraria de los jodios instituyda en Ia juderia de la dita ciudat de Çaragoça clamada de vestir pobres, et las cartas o contractos que se faran de los ditos trehudos o de qualquiere dellos que assi de nuevo se firmaran dugan et haya fazer mencion en aquellas que yes aquel trehudo o son aquellos trehudos del almosna instituyda por mi dita Tholosana de la Cavalleria. Et el trehudo o los trehudos que las ditas casas et heredades pagaran a trehudo se obliguen pagar aquel trehudo al patron que yes o por tiempo sera de Ia dita almosna, segunt Ia institucion por mi feyta en el present testament. Et el dito patron et parient mio con el mayordomo siquiere fiel de la dita confraria, jodios de la dita ciudat como dito yes, compren en cada anyo una pieça de panyo de Ia dita ciudat o aquel que bien visto les sera, el qual panyo partan et sian tenidos partir en cadaun anyo a seys pobres jodios en el dia et tiempo et por la forma et manera que la dita confraria instituyda en la dita juderia ha costumbrado et costumbra partir panyo a pobres en cada un anyo.</p> <p>Item quiero, ordeno et mando que si en algun tiempo no se trobara en Ia dita ciudat de Çaragoça parient mio alguno jodio del dito linage de Ia Cavalleria, en aquel caso la dita administracion et patronado sian devolvidos et finquen al mas cercano parient jodio que de mi la hora sera trobado en la dita ciudat; et si en algun tiempo no me sera trobado parient alguno jodio masclo en Ia dita ciudat, quiero, ordeno et mando que la recepcion, administracion e [sic] patronado sian devolvidas et finquen a los adelantados et fiel de la dita confraria, todos concordes o la mayor partida dellos. Quiero empero, que si apres que la dita recepcion et patronado sera devolvido a Ios ditos adelantados et fiel venia algun parient mio a la dita ciudat, que tome el dito patronado a el, en tal manera que toda hora que parient mio haura en la dita ciudat el dito patronado no salga del.</p> <p>Item quiero, ordeno et mando que si el dito parient et patron o los ditos adelantados si el dito patronado a ellos sera devolvido, se retenra o retenran en si, et no distribuyran Ia dita almosna en la manera que desuso yes contenido, en aquel caso pueda fazer part en demandar el interes de los pobres et de las ditas animas mia et de mi marido qualquiere jodio de la dita confradia et encara del aljama de los judios de Ia dita ciudat, delant qualquiere judge que instar o demandar lo querran.</p> <p>Item quiero, ordeno et mando que los ditos trehudos ni partida de aquellos no puedan seyer vendidos ni alienados por el dito patron ni por la dita confraria ni por el aljama de los jodios de la dita ciudat en algun siempo por grant necesidat et ni que por tiempo esdeveniese a las ditas confraria o aljama o ad alguna dellas. Et si lo fazia o fazian quiero que Ia dita vendicion o alienacion sia nulla, cassa et haia ninguna eficacia o balor, et en aquel caso sian adquridos los ditos trehudos, es a saber, aquellos que seran vendidos o alienados a Goniçalvo et Johan de la Cavalleria, fillos mios, o a los herederos suyos.</p> <p>Item quiero, mando et ordeno que si por aventura el aljama de los jodios de la ciudat de Çaragoça por qualquiere carga o razon se dirruia o despoblava o mudava de ley o condicion, en manera que la dita almosna por mi anima instituyda cessase o impidiment alguno prendiesse et no se pudiese distribyir en la dita aljama en la manera ordenada, en aquel caso desde agora pora la hora quiero que sian adquridos los ditos trehudos et almosna a la mayor aljama de jodios de realengo del reyno de Aragon que sera la hora mas cerca de la ciudat de Çaragoça. Et la hora en et de aquellos trehudos et almosna ordenen et fagan et sian tenidos ordenar et fazer los adelantados o regidores de aquella aljama o la mayor partida dellas por la forma et manera quel parient et patron adelantados et fiel de la dita confraria eran tenidos fazer ante la dirruycion o despoblamiento de la dita juderia et con todas aquellas firmezas, capitoles et condiciones a los sobreditos patron, adelantados et fiel ordenadas. Et si por aventura la dita aljama se dirruya o spoblava por qualquiere causa, manera o razon en manera que la dita almosna no se pudiese distribuyir en la manera sobredita, quiero que todos los ditos trehudos vingan et sian adquiridos a la mayor et mas cercana aljama de judios de realengo de la dita ciudat, et en defallimiento de aljama de realengo, a la mas cercana aljama de jodios de senyorio de la dita ciudat que sian en el regno de Aragon. Et en qualquiere de las ditas aljamas que los ditos trehudos viengan, quiero que los ditos trehudos sian distribuydos et se distribuezcan por la forma et manera que por mi desuso yes ordenado et non aliter.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special, por scargo de mi anima et en remission de mis pecados, a las confrarias de la dita aljama clamadas Cabarim, Talmut Tora et Bicurolim, cada, vint solidos jaqueses, et a todas las otras confrarias de la dita juderia, cada, diez solidos jaqueses; los quales le[s] sian dados de los bienes mios por los herederos mios diuso scriptos, con tal condicion que sian tenidos. hir et d'acercarse a la defuncion mia o a la setena.</p> <p>Item lexo a los rabins clamados azanin, a saber yes, a los tres ordinarios, cada quinze solidos.</p> <p>Item quiero que por el exsecutor mio dius scripto sia partidos a los otros azanins de la dita aljama entro a quantidat de vint solidos segunt visto le sera.</p> <p>Item quiero que sia comprado de mis bienes panyo negro pora vestir XII pobres judios el dia de mi defuncion, los quales hayan a levar mi cuerpo entro al fosar do sere enterrada, et ad aquellos quiero que les sian dados cada un dia de la setena, cada, seys [solidos] de jaqueses pora provision.</p> <p>Item quiero que todos et quales servidores stantes en casa mia el dia de mi muert sian satisfeytos et pagados de todo lo que con verdat les sera devido de soldada por razon del servicio que feyto hauran fet, a cada uno segunt mas o menos contrato prorata.</p> <p>Item quiero que sian presos de mis bienes dozientos solidos jaqueses, los quales sian partidos por el exsecutor mio diuso scripto a los ditos servidores et familiares mios, segunt al dito exsecutor sera bien visto.</p> <p>Item lexo a los ditos Gonçalvo et Johan de la Cavalleria, fillos mios, et a Beatriz, Johan et Brianda de la Cavalleria, fillas mias, et a Puria et Reyna de la Cavalleria, jodias, fillas mias, cada, cinquo solidos jaqueses por part et por legitima de bienes mobles, et otros, cada, cinquo solidos jaqueses por part et por legitima de bienes sedientes, de et con los quales ditos cada cinquo solidos jaqueses quiero que Ios ditos fillos et fillas mias, asi christianos como jodios, se tiengan por contentos de todo et qualquiere dreyto, part et accion que en los bienes mios, asi mobles como sedientes, haver et alcançar pueden o puedan por part et por legitima.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special a las ditas Beatriz, Johana et Brianda, Puria et Reyna de la Cavalleria, fillas mias, cada, dos mil et cincientos solidos jaqueses a cadauna dellas, Ios quales quiero que les sian dados de los bienes mios dentro dos meses apres que yo sere finada.</p> <p>Item ya sia Gonçalvo et Joan de la Cavalieri a, fillos mios, han et deven haver en mis bienes, cada, guyto mil solidos jaqueses que les pertenecen de aquellos XXV mil solidos quellos a mi dieron a liuraron segunt parece por contracto, condiciones et pactos entre ellos et mi havidos et feytos, feyto et testificado por el notario dius scripto en la ciudat de Çaragoça, [blanco] dias de julio mas cerca pasado del anyo dius scripto. Queriendo encara seyer conozient a los ditos fillos mios et favorirlos con zelo de amor maternal como a fillos bien merecientes, lego a los ditos Gonçalvo et Johan, fillos mios, fago et instituescho por mor del present mi ultimo testament herederos mios universales de todos et qualesquiere otros bienes mios, assi mobles como sedientes, deudos, dreytos, mobles et otros, de los quales en el present mi testament no he ordenado ni feyto, ordeno ni fago con algun, los quales entre si partan ygualment como buenos hermanos et ayan por fazer a su voluntat.</p> <p>Item quiero, ordeno et mando que los ditos fillos et fillas mios et cadauno dellos sian tenidos loar, firmar et aprobar, lohen, firmen et aprueven el sobredito et present mi ultimo testament et todas las cosas en aquel contenidas encontinent que leydo et publicado les sera. Et si alguno o alguna de Ios ditos fillos o fillas mios no Ioaran et aprobaran el dito mi testament en todo et por todo segunt de suso dito yes, que Ia Iexa graciosa que lexo ad aquell o aquella rebel o inhobedient ipso facto sia adquerida a los otros obedients et solament ayan en mis bienes lo que le lexo por part et por legitima.</p> <p>Item Iexo exsecutor del present mi ultimo testament a Vidal de la Cavalleria, yerno mio, al qual do poder de exsecutar et complir todas las cosas sobreditas tocantes a el et a mi anima etc.</p> <p>Finque ste que es mi ultimo testament etc.</p> <p>Et don Gonçalco et Johan de la Cavalleria, fillos de la dita dona Tholosana, dixieron que Ioavan et aprobavan et Ioaron et aprobaron el dito testament por la dita madre suya en est present feyto et todas las cosas en aquell contenidas et prometieron tener et complir et juraron no contravenir quanto al quinyan adquirido a los judios etc., et mintre por Ia dita madre suya no fuese et tenido etc., et encara dixieron que disposicion sua Ia hora Ioavan et aprobavan qualquiere dieb[ilegible] que por la dita dona Tholosana se fiziese de los ditos CL solidos jaqueses de trehudos que pora su anima prendia etc .</p> <p>Feyto en Çaragoça, primero dia de agosto anno a nativitate Domini Mo CCCCo XVIII.</p> <p>Testimonios: don Blas del Corral, ciudadano, et rabi Mose Abenabez, jodio, etc. et yo rabi Abraam de Calaforri, etc. ut jodio etc.</p> <br />[Transcribed in Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Mujeres judías," 115-118] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1 August 1418 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivo Histórico de Protocolos de Zaragoza AHPZ, not. Anton Ximenez del Bosch, 1418, papeles sueltos (loose sheets) See: Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Mujeres judías...” See: Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Testamentos de mujeres..." [Transcription here] Language A language of the resource Spanish Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Spain Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer clothing conditions convert children love material culture servants transcription widow Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Romance Vernacular Wills Description An account of the resource Wills written in vernacular Romance languages, including Spanish, Portuguese, Venetian, French, and others. These wills were written by Christian notaries. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jamila, widow of Jento Arrueti: Zaragoza, 1415 Subject The topic of the resource Jamila, widow of Jento Arrueti Description An account of the resource Jamila had married the cobbler Jento Arrueti, and together they had two daughters. One, Orosol, remained Jewish. One, Violante, abandoned her husband and was baptized Christian. Her three children (Jamila's grandchildren) did not become Christian. The will names Orosol the universal heir. Violante receives some money and clothing. Jamila also leaves bequests to Violante's children. The wills expresses Jamila's anxiety that the children (above all, a granddaughter named Jamila, after her grandmother) would one day convert, too. She conditions the bequest on the young Jamila living with her Jewish aunt and uncle. Financially, Jamila was comfortable enough to be able to bequeath legacies to two Jewish confraternities and to pay for her burial and mourning expenses. <p>Die dominica XXI aprilis</p> <p>Testament</p> <p>Eadem die que yo, dona Chamilla, muller de don Jento Arrueti, jodio qui fue, habitant en la ciudat de Çaragoça, estando enferma etc., revocando etc.</p> <p>Item quiero que mi cuerpo sia sepulto en el fossar de los jodios, cerqa de do jaze el dito mi marido don Jento.</p> <p>Item recibo por mi anima hint florines de los quales sia feyta mi sepultura honradament, segund que a mi conviene, de los quales hint florines lexo a las confrarias de Caberim et de Talmutera [sic] a cada una de aquellas, cada, siet solidos jaqueses; et a todas las otras confrarias, cada, cinquo solidos jaqueses, los quales paguen dentro de un mes apres que finada sere. Et el residuo que sobrara sian distribuidos el dia que bendran de! enterar una partida, et otra partida los siet dias, et otra partida a un mes, et otra partida que sobrara la biespra del dia de la Perdonança, a, que lo claman en abrahigo Yom Aquipurim; los quales hint florines que yo me prengo por mi anima sian distribuidos segund que a don Cecri Alcara­huey, yerno mio, sera bien visto en los tiempos qui de suso.</p> <p>Et dixo que tenia en dineros mil solidos jaqueses et sixanta florines d'oro de Aragon buenos et de fino peso, los quales sian distribuidos en la forma siguient: los hint florines segund de la part de suso.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special a Chamila, nieta mia, filla de Jento Albella et de Biolant, filla mia et del dito marido mio, trezientos solidos jaqueses, los quales biengan en poder del dito don Cecri et de Orosol, muller suya et tia de la dita Chamilla, la qual haya de estar con los ditos don Cecri et Orosol por tiempo de cinquo anyos. Et si Martin Diaz et la dita Biolant, madre de la dita Chamilla, o el otro dellos queran levar aquella con si et sacar de poder de los ditos Cecri et Orosol antes que los ditos cinquo anyos no sean conplidos, en aquell caso lexole solament cient solidos jaqueses a la dita Chamilla et que mas avant alcançar non pueda; et el residuo, que son dozientos solidos, sian de Yosua et Jucef, hermanos suyos, fillos del dito Jento Albella et de la dita Biolant. Et si el dito Jento Albella, padre de la dita Chamilla, querra prender en si a la dita filla suya, que en aquell caso los ditos trezientos solidos jaqueses que yo a ella lexo non le sian dados daqui a tanto que casie la dita Chamilla, antes aquellos tiengan en su poder los ditos Cecri et Orosol et multipliquen aquellos pora la dita Chamilla pora el tiempo de! casar. Et si por bentura la dita Chamilla, nieta mia, moria antes de casar, que en aquell caso los ditos trezientos solidos qui yo a ella lexo ensenble con todo aquello que hauran ganado sian de sus hermanos, los quales partan aquellos por yguales partes, como buenos hermanos. Empero que los ditos trezientos solidos ni aquello que hauran contado el dito don Cecri ni la dita Orosol non sian tenidos dar a los ditos sus hermanos d'aqui a que casen.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special a la dita Chamilla, nieta mia, un leyto de ropa suficent, balient cient sueldos.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special a la dita Chamilla, nieta mia, una banova. Los quales leyto de ropa et banova guarde la dita Orosol, filla mia, d'aqui a que case la dita Chamilla. Et si la dita Chamilla moria ante de casar, que los ditos leyto et banova sian de sus hermanos si bivos seran et CCC solidos. Et si los ditos hermanos morian, lo que Dios no mande, antes que no casen, que en aquell caso todos los bienes que yo a ella lexo sian et tornen a la dita Orosol, filla mia, et de sus herederos.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special a los sobreditos Yosua et Jucefi, nietos mios, sete­cientos solidos jaqueses, assaber yes, a cadauno dellos, cada, trezientos cinquanta solidos jaqueses, los quales hayan de tener en su poder el dito Cecri Alcarahuey et Yacob Abiayu Levi, los quales tiengan en su poder por la forma sobredita de los ditos trezientos solidos et leyto de ropa et en aquellos bielos.</p> <p>Item lexo de gracia special a la dita Biolant Diaz, muller de Martin Diaz, filla mia, bint florines et dos pares de lincuellos, de los millores que son en casa mia.</p> <p>Item quiero que a los ditos nietos mios de la part de suso nombrados sian dados, cada, VIII coudos de panyo cardeno pora bestir, a precio de IIII en V solidos el coudo.</p> <p>Item lexo a dona Cinfa, tia mia, una cota mia de berbi forada de penya blancha et las mangas de penya negra et una saya cardena clara.</p> <p>Item lexo a Cinfa, muller de Sento Guasqui alias Crabito, una cota mia de berbi.</p> <p>Item lexo a Ceti del Royo, nieta mia, dos florines, los quales le sian dados incontinent que finada sere.</p> <p>Item quiero que de! manto mio scuro tenido sian feytos a los ditos nietos mios sendas yaquetas foradas de lienço nuevo.</p> <p>Item todos los otros bienes mios mobles et sedientes doquiere que trobados seran lexolos a la dita Orosol, filla mia, muller del dito don Cecri Alcarahuey, por fer etc. a todas sus proprias voluntades. Empero que la dita filla mia sia tenida dar a Chamilla, filla suya et nieta mia, tres alfagas de las mas bellas de casa.</p> <p>Item lexo exsecutores a los ditos Cecri, Orosol et a Yacob Abiayu, a todos ensenble, a los quales comando mi anima. Et comando las criaturas Cecri et Orosol, yes assaber, Chamilla et Jucef.</p> <p>Testimonios: Domingo Benas, pellicero, et Jucef Abraham Levi, jodio<br /><br />[Transcribed in Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Mujeres judías,” 113-115]</p> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 21 April 1415 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivo Histórico de Protocolos de Zaragoza AHPZ, not. Juan Doto, 1415, fols. 97v-100v See: Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Mujeres judías...” See: Asunción Blasco Martínez, “Testamentos de mujeres..." Language A language of the resource Spanish Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Spain Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer conditions confraternity convert children material culture transcription widow Yom Kippur Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Astruga, wife of Jucef Abraham: Puigcerdà, 1306 Subject The topic of the resource Astruga, wife of Jucef Abraham Description An account of the resource Among the fascinating clauses in this will is an attempt by Astruga to prevent  her husband, Jucef, from remarrying -- or at least to disincentivize a second marriage. She first leaves to her mother, Fava, 600 Barcelonan sous. But then, she prescribes that her husband should care for her mother's bodily needs all of her mother's life, in which situation the mother should not demand from Jucef the 600 sous. Should he remarry, however, Fava should demand the money from Jucef. <br /><br />TRANSCRIPTION: <br /><br />Astruga uxor Iuceff Abrahe Iudei de Podioceritano, licet sim infirma etc., facio meum testamentum de voluntate dicti viri mei de bonis meis etc. In primis dimitto Fave matri mei DC solidos barchinonenses \ad suam voluntatem/ pro parte, hereditate, legitima, et iure sibi pertinentibus et pertineri debentibus in bonis meis. <br /><br />Et volo et mando quod si dictus Iuceff Abrahe vir meus voluerit providere dicte matri mee in domo sua in cunctis suis corporalibus necessariis in tota vita sua, quod dicta mater mea non possit compellere dictum virum meum ad solvendum sibi denarios ante dictos, dum tamen dictus vir meus non ducat aliam uxorem et velit stare caste. Attamen si dictus vir meus duxerit aliam uxorem, volo quod dicta mater mea possit in continenti compellere dictum virum meum ad solvendum sibi denarios ante dictos.<br /><br />Item dimitto corone \del/1rotle scole Iudeorum Podiiceritani L solidos barchinonenses.<br /><br />Item dimitto Aster et Bonafylla, filiabus meis et dicti viri mei, omnia mea indumenta et preparamenta mea, quecumque habeo. <br /><br />Et cum institucio heredis universalis capud sit et fundamentum cuiuslibet testamenti, in residuis omnibus aliis bonis meis mobilibus et immobilibus dictas Aster et Bonamfiliam filias meas mihi heredes universales instituo. Hanc autem etc. <br /><br />Iuceff vir eius laudo. <br /><br />VIII idus Novembris. <br /><br />Testes rogati: Petrus Salmes, Guillelmus Comdor, Bernardus Colomer, Iacobus Orig, Simon de Pinosa rector ecclesie de Castelar, Bondia Abrahe, Iuceff Coen. Debet V solidos vir. <br /><br />[Transcription in Burns, <em>Jews in the Notarial Culture,</em> pp. 178-179.] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Puigcerdà, Spain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 6 November 1306 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Arxiu Històric Comarcal de Puigcerdà, Spain Protocols: M. d’Alb/B. Mauri, Liber testamentorum, 1306–1307, fol. 15v See Burns, <em>Jews in the Notarial Culture</em>, pp. 106-108, 178-179. Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Spain Iberia Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer charity conditions synagogue transcription witness Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archondisa, widow of Helia Catellanus: Crete, 1358 Subject The topic of the resource Archondisa, widow of Helia Catellanus, daughter of the late Calo Description An account of the resource Archondisa, a widow, names as her executor her "beloved brother" Sambatheus (Shabbetai in Hebrew). She leaves to her brother-executor a home in the Jewish quarter of Candia (currently where a man named Samargias Cumani lives). Three years after Archondisa's death, the house should become the property of her grandson Ligia, with a condition: Ligia only gets the house if he marries his first cousin Eudochia, the daughter of the executor Sambatheus. If Ligia does not want to marry Eudochia, he will not get the house. (Ostensibly it stays in the hands of Sambatheus.) If Ligia dies before reaching the age of marriage, on the other hand, she leaves the house to her paternal relatives ("meos propinquires paternos"). Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Candia, Crete Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 3 December 1358 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivio di Stato, Venice Notai di Candia, b. 295, fasc. 8, fol. 2r (not. Michele De Ceca) McKee, <em>Wills</em>, no. 648 Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Eastern Mediterranean Italy Venetian Empire Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer conditions real estate widow Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eudochia, widow of Pothas: Crete, 1340 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2 October 1340 Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Eastern Mediterranean Italy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Candia, Crete Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivio di Stato, Venice ASV Notai di Candia, b. 295 (not. Giovanni Gerardo), fol. 11v. McKee, Wills, no. 137 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer Subject The topic of the resource Eudochia, widow of Pothas Description An account of the resource Eudochia records a will because she is planning to travel from Candia to Jerusalem. She names her three grandsons (Lingiachus, Iochuda, and Chavi) as her executors. She also seems to have a fourth grandson, still a minor, named Lingiachus, who is the son of deceased parents: Chana and Chagi of Alexandria. (The will does not specify that Chana is Eudochia's daughter.) In her will, Eudochia leaves her home in the Jewish quarter of Candia to her executors on the condition that her minor grandson Lingiachus marry Eudochia, the daughter of Chavi, one of the executors. The condition here divides the home into four parts; three parts get divided between the three executors. The fourth part goes to Chavi, to give over to Lingiachus as dowry for Eudochia. If Eudochia, daughter of Chavi, dies, then Lingiachus is instructed to marry another great-granddaughter named Eudochia, here the daughter of Iochuda. In this case, the fourth part of the real estate would go to Iochuda, to use as dowry for his daughter. Should Lingiachus not marry either girl, he should not get a chunk of the real estate, i.e. via the dowry. He should receive instead a payment of 45 hyperpera. Eudochia also seeks to nullify a lease agreement that had been made between the minor Lingiachus's late mother Chana and the testator, through which she held the top floor of the building owned by Eudochia. Another conditional bequest expresses further anxiety about Lingiachus not fulfilling his grandmother's request. If Lingiachus or anyone else tries to undermine Eudochia's order, he should not get anything that he's been previously promised in the will, but it would go instead to the executors. Next, Eudochia wants it known that Chavi, representing all three executors, has promised to pay her sixty hyperpera for the house, and that they have already paid 22 hyperpera of this amount. She leaves another 38 hyperpera to a Jewish man named Michael Tobia who is involved in getting Eudochia to Jerusalem, apparently leaving on 15 November (about a month after this will is made). Should Eudochia die before leaving, the executors are told not to pay Michael anything, but rather to do what they see fit with this money "for the sake of my soul" (i.e. give it to charity), and also to give the young Lingiachus five hyperpera. conditions Jerusalem pilgrimage real estate Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Latinate Wills Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anastassia, wife of Judah Balbo: Crete, 1334 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24 June 1334 Language A language of the resource Latin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Eastern Mediterranean Italy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Candia, Crete Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Archivio di Stato, Venice ASV Notai di Candia, b. 295, fol. 6r (not Antonio Rudolfo) McKee, Wills, no. 463 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rena Lauer Subject The topic of the resource Anastassia, wife of Judah Balbo Description An account of the resource Anastassia is the wife of Judah (Iecudha) Balbo, a spicer (<em>speciarius</em>) in Candia. She names as her executors her husband as well as her brother Sambatheus Balbo. It seems that she married a relative. <br /><br />She testates while sick, and names her husband Iecudha and her brother Sambatheus as her executors. She makes it known that her dowry was 270 hyperpera, which she divides between her "dear son" Ysagia and her daughters, Tardina and Cigiona, equally. <br /><br />She leaves to her husband the 100 hyperpera of her virginity money (which was "according to the customs of the Jews"). But if he remarries, that money should get divided among her children instead. Moreover, if he does remarry, all of the money that is left to the children should be given to them immediately upon coming of age. If he does not remarry, however, all of the money that goes to the children should remain in her husband's hands until his death, and only then should the money go to her children. <br /><br />Another 50 hyperpera that was given to her by her husband should be given by her husband to poor Jewish women's dowries "pro anima mea." She adds a condition that tries to circumvent Judah should he not want to do this. <br /><br />Judah seems to owe Anastassia's mother Eudhochia a debt, and Anastassia adds a clause to her will that, if Judah engages with Eudhochia about this "in iudicio vel extra iudicium" then her mother should immediately be able to get 200 hyperpera from Anastassia's dowry. charity conditions dowry poverty